NTFS first appeared in consumer versions of Windows with Windows XP, though it originally debuted with Windows NT. NTFS is packed with modern features not available to FAT32 and exFAT. NTFS supports file permissions for security, a change journal that can help quickly recover errors if your computer crashes, shadow copies for backups, encryption, disk quota limits, hard links, and various other features. Mar 13, 2009 exFAT file system driver available for Windows XP - posted in Tips and Tricks: An XP exFAT filesystem driver update is available, enabling Windows XP. Update for Windows XP x64 Edition (KB955704) Install this update to add support for the exFAT file system format. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer. To start the download, click the Download button and then do one of the following, or select another language from Change Language and then click Change. SDXC Memory Cards and 256GB CompactFlash cards are formatted natively in the exFAT file system. Flash Drives may also be formatted in exFAT. The operating system must support the exFAT file system in order for these devices to function properly.
Developer(s) | Microsoft |
---|---|
Full name | Extensible File Allocation Table |
Introduced | November 2006 with Windows Embedded CE 6.0 |
Partition identifier |
|
Structures | |
Directory contents | Table |
File allocation | bitmap, linked list |
Bad blocks | Cluster tagging |
Limits | |
Max. volume size | c. 128 PiB, 512 TiB recommended[1] |
Max. file size | c. 128 PiB (theoretical 16 EiB–1)[nb 1] |
Max. number of files | up to 2,796,202 per directory[2] |
Max. filename length | 255 characters |
Allowed characters in filenames | all Unicode characters except U+0000 (NUL) through U+001F (US)/ (slash) (backslash): (colon)* (asterisk)? (question mark)' (quote)< (less than)> (greater than) and | (pipe)(encoding in UTF-16LE) |
Features | |
Dates recorded | Creation, last modified, last access |
Date range | 1980-01-01 to 2107-12-31 |
Date resolution | 10 ms |
Forks | No |
Attributes | Read-only, hidden, system, subdirectory, archive |
File system permissions | ACL (Windows CE 6 only) |
Transparent compression | No |
Transparent encryption | No |
Other | |
Supported operating systems |
|
exFAT (Extensible File Allocation Table) is a file system introduced by Microsoft in 2006 and optimized for flash memory such as USB flash drives and SD cards.[5] exFAT is proprietary, and Microsoft owns patents on several elements of its design.[2]
exFAT can be used where NTFS is not a feasible solution (due to[50] Unlicensed distribution of an exFAT driver would make the distributor liable for financial damages if the driver is found to have violated Microsoft's patents.[55][56] While the patents may not be enforceable, this can only be determined through a legal process, which is expensive and time consuming. It may also be possible to achieve the intended results without infringing Microsoft's patents.cf.[57] In October 2018, Microsoft released 60,000 patents to the Open Invention Network members for Linux systems, but exFAT patents were not initially included at the time. There was, however, discussion within Microsoft of whether Microsoft should allow exFAT in Linux devices,[58][59] which eventually resulted in Microsoft publishing the official specification for open usage[7] and releasing the exFAT patents to the OIN in August 2019.[42]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ ab Although Microsoft published a different value in KB955704, the file size is in bytes and is stored as a 64-bit number. The largest theoretical file size would be 16 EiB−1 byte, the same as in NTFS. However, since the true theoretical maximum volume size under the current specification cannot exceed 128 PiB, a file can never reach that file length. Another reason for the limit is that current IDE/ATA disk addressing is LBA-48, and uses a 48 bit block address to address a sector. A 512 byte sector size would make the maximum addressable file system 512 × 248 = 257, which is 128 PiB. In other words, the 128 PiB limit on the architecture is a hardware restriction. This scenario does not include AF (4k sectors) and exFAT is limited to 128 PiB regardless of sector size based on the specification.
- ^The theoretical maximum volume size is defined by up to 232 − 11 possible clusters with up to 225 − 1 bytes per cluster = ca. 128 PiB. The size is currently also limited by the LBA48 addressing scheme, as with a 512 byte sector size, only 248 × 512 = 257 bytes = 128 PiB can be addressed.
- ^This limit applies because the maximum directory size is 256 MiB.
- ^ ab268,304,373 files = 228 − 11 reserved clusters - 131,072, the minimum number of 64 kiB clusters occupied for the 268,435,445 directory entries (á 32 bytes) without VFAT LFNs, which are required for 268,435,445 files with sizes between 1 and 65,535 bytes. With VFATs, the 131,072 number must be multiplied by 21 (worst case), which would result in 265,682,933 files instead.
References[edit]
- ^ abcde'KB955704'. January 27, 2009.
Description of the exFAT file system driver update package [for Windows XP and Windows Server 2003]
- ^ abcdUS 8321439 contains Microsoft exFAT specification (revision 1.00)
- ^ ab'exfat -Free exFAT file system implementation'. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
- ^ ab'GPL'ed sources for the Samsung exfat module as released by Samsung'. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
- ^ abMarius Oiaga (December 11, 2009). 'Microsoft Licenses Windows 7's exFAT Flash File Format'. Softpedia.com.
- ^'Conservancy Helps Samsung Resolve GPL Compliance Matter Amicably'. Software Freedom Conservancy. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
- ^ abcMicrosoft (August 28, 2019). 'exFAT Specification'.
- ^'File System Functionality Comparison'. Microsoft. Retrieved February 26, 2015..
- ^'Limitations of the FAT32 File System in Windows XP'. Microsoft. December 1, 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
- ^Nash, Mike (October 24, 2008). 'Windows Vista Service Pack 2 Beta'. The Windows Blog. Archived from the original on May 9, 2013.
- ^'A Second Shot: Windows Vista SP1'. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
- ^'Licensing exFAT'. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
- ^'OEM Parameter Definition with exFAT (Windows Embedded CE 6.0)'. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
- ^ ab'Description of the exFAT file system driver update package'. Microsoft. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
- ^'Information about support for exFAT under Windows Vista'. Archived from the original on May 7, 2013.
- ^'Download Windows Vista Service Pack 1 Five Language Standalone (KB936330) from Official Microsoft Download Center'. Microsoft. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
- ^'exFAT Versus FAT32 Versus NTFS'. February 27, 2008. Retrieved October 2, 2009.
- ^LeBlanc, Brandon (August 28, 2007). 'Vista SP1 Whitepaper'. Microsoft. Retrieved August 28, 2007.
- ^'Adding Hard Disk Drives'. Microsoft TechNet. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
- ^ ab'Mac OS X 10.6.5 Notes: exFAT Support, AirPrint, Flash Player Vulnerability Fixes'. Retrieved November 25, 2013.[unreliable source?]
- ^ ab'fsck_exfat(8) Mac OS X Manual Page'. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
- ^'exFAT support on Sony'. Retrieved January 6, 2013.
- ^Hamm, Jeff (2009). 'Extended FAT File System'(PDF). Paradigm Solutions. Retrieved April 9, 2013.
- ^'Microsoft Licenses exFAT to Research In Motion'. Tom's Hardware. September 20, 2012.
- ^'Microsoft Signs Licensing Agreement With Research In Motion' (Press release). Microsoft. 18 September 2012.
- ^'Microsoft Signs Patent Licensing Agreement With Aspen Avionics' (Press release). Microsoft.
- ^'In-vehicle infotainment gets boost from new Microsoft exFAT file system deals'. Stories. June 19, 2013.
- ^'Microsoft Signs exFAT Licensing Agreement With BMW' (Press release). Microsoft.
- ^'exFAT fs and Linux'. Retrieved September 28, 2009.[unreliable source?]
- ^'exFAT fs on FUSE'. Retrieved May 15, 2010.
- ^'exFAT fs on linux UBUNTU'. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
- ^'exFAT in FreeBSD'. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
- ^'ExFAT support for Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard and 10.4 Tiger (via Homebrew and Fuse for macOS)'. Retrieved July 6, 2018.
- ^'Open Source Release Center'. Samsung. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
- ^Corbet, Jonathan (July 24, 2013). 'The exfiltrated exFAT driver'. LWN.net. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
- ^'Conservancy Helps Samsung Resolve GPL Compliance Matter Amicably'. Software Freedom Conservancy. August 16, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
- ^'Amigaworld.net'. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
- ^Clarke, Gavin (August 8, 2012). 'Sharp cuts exFAT deal with Microsoft for Android mobes'. The Register. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
- ^'XCFiles'. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
- ^'Rtfs'. Retrieved January 19, 2011.
- ^'exFAT'. February 2, 2011.
- ^ abJohn Gossman (2019-08-28). 'exFAT in the Linux kernel? Yes!'. Microsoft. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
- ^Valdis Klētnieks (2019-08-28). 'staging: exfat: add exfat filesystem code to staging'. git.kernel.org. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
- ^US 8321439, 'Quick File Name Lookup Using Name Hash'
- ^US 8606830, 'Contiguous File Allocation in an Extensible File System'
- ^US 7613738, 'FAT Directory Structure for use in Transaction Safe File System'
- ^US Patent Application 2009164440, 'Quick Filename Lookup Using Name Hash'; Microsoft Corp; contains exFAT specification revision 1.00. See Tables 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, & 17
- ^US Patent Application 2008168029, 'Extensible File System'; States in Abstract and elsewhere that directory records can be custom defined.
- ^Larabel, Michael. 'Microsoft Publishes exFAT Specification, Encourages Linux Support'. Phoronix. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
- ^ abc'Licensing exFAT', Microsoft IP licensing, Microsoft Legal Resources, 1 March 2017
- ^Protalinski, Emil (December 10, 2009), 'Microsoft licenses out exFAT file system', ArsTechnica.
- ^Girard, David (21 June 2013), 'Can Microsoft's exFAT file system bridge the gap between OSes?', ArsTechnica.
- ^Corbet, Jonathan (August 16, 2013), Samsung releases exFAT filesystem source, LWN.
- ^McMillan, Robert (August 20, 2013), 'Busted for Dodging Linux License, Samsung Makes Nice With Free Code', Wired.com.
- ^Corbet, Jonathan (July 24, 2013), The exfiltrated exFAT driver, LWN.
- ^Finley, Klint; McMillan, Robert (July 25, 2013), 'Free Software Robin Hood Liberates Leaked Samsung Code', Wired Magazine.
- ^Else, Sylvia (November 19, 2016), exFat patent avoidance, Linux.com kernel development forums.
- ^Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. 'What does Microsoft joining the Open Invention Network mean for you?'. ZDNet. Retrieved 2018-12-29.
- ^'Merging exFAT Support For Linux Is Being Talked About - Waiting On Microsoft's Blessing - Phoronix'. www.phoronix.com. Retrieved 2019-08-08.
External links[edit]
- Personal Storage : Opportunities and challenges for pocket-sized storage devices in the Windows world (PowerPoint presentation at WinHEC 2006)
- Reverse Engineering the Microsoft exFAT File System, SANS Institute.
- US Patent Application 2009164440, 'Quick Filename Lookup Using Name Hash'; Microsoft Corp; contains exFAT specification revision 1.00.
- US Patent Application 2009164539, 'Contiguous File Allocation In An Extensible File System'; Microsoft Corp.
- exFAT ships on all SDXC Cards, SD Card Association
- The Extended FAT file system:Differentiating with FAT32 file system, Linux Conference, October 2011.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ExFAT&oldid=918268494'
Whether you’re formatting an internal drive, external drive, USB flash drive, or SD card, Windows gives you the choice of using three different file systems: NTFS, FAT32, and exFAT. The Format dialog in Windows doesn’t explain the difference, so we will.
RELATED:What Is a File System, and Why Are There So Many of Them?
A file system provides a way of organizing a drive. It specifies how data is stored on the drive and what types of information can be attached to files—filenames, permissions, and other attributes. Windows supports three different file systems. NTFS is the most modern file system. Windows uses NTFS for its system drive and, by default, for most non-removable drives. FAT32 is an older file system that’s not as efficient as NTFS and doesn’t support as big a feature set, but does offer greater compatibility with other operating systems. exFAT is a modern replacement for FAT32—and more devices and operating systems support it than NTFS—but it’s not nearly as widespread as FAT32.
NT File System (NTFS)
NTFS is the modern file system Windows likes to use by default. When you install Windows, it formats your system drive with the NTFS file system. NTFS has file size and partition size limits that are so theoretically huge you won’t run up against them. NTFS first appeared in consumer versions of Windows with Windows XP, though it originally debuted with Windows NT.
NTFS is packed with modern features not available to FAT32 and exFAT. NTFS supports file permissions for security, a change journal that can help quickly recover errors if your computer crashes, shadow copies for backups, encryption, disk quota limits, hard links, and various other features. Many of these are crucial for an operating system drive—especially file permissions. Download dlc on another xbox one.
Your Windows system partition must be NTFS. If you have a secondary drive alongside Windows and you plan on installing programs to it, you should probably go ahead and make it NTFS, too. And, if you have any drives where compatibility isn’t really an issue—because you know you’ll just be using them on Windows systems—go ahead and choose NTFS.
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RELATED:How to Share Files Between Mac OS X and Windows With Boot Camp
Despite its advantages, where NTFS lacks is compatibility. It’ll work with all recent versions of Windows—all the way back to Windows XP—but it has limited compatibility with other operating systems. By default, Mac OS X can only read NTFS drives, not write to them. Some Linux distributions may enable NTFS-writing support, but some may be read-only. None of Sony’s PlayStation consoles support NTFS. Even Microsoft’s own Xbox 360 can’t read NTFS drives, although the new Xbox One can. Other devices are even less likely to support NTFS.
Compatibility: Works with all versions of Windows, but read-only with Mac by default, and may be read-only by default with some Linux distributions. Other devices—with the exception of Microsoft’s Xbox One—probably won’t support NTFS.
Limits: No realistic file-size or partition size limits.
Ideal Use: Use it for your Windows system drive and other internal drives that will just be used with Windows.
File Allocation Table 32 (FAT32)
FAT32 is the oldest of the three file systems available to Windows. It was introduced all the way back in Windows 95 to replace the older FAT16 file system used in MS-DOS and Windows 3.
RELATED:What’s the Difference Between FAT32, exFAT, and NTFS?
The FAT32 file system’s age has advantages and disadvantages. The big advantages is that because it’s so old, FAT32 is the de-facto standard. Flash drives you purchase will often come formatted with FAT32 for maximum compatibility across not just modern computers, but other devices like game consoles and anything with a USB port.
Limitations come with that age, however. Individual files on a FAT32 drive can’t be over 4 GB in size—that’s the maximum. A FAT32 partition must also be less than 8 TB, which admittedly is less of a limitation unless you’re using super-high-capacity drives.
While FAT32 is okay for USB flash drives and other external media—especially if you know you’ll be using them on anything other than Windows PCs—you won’t want to FAT32 for an internal drive. It lacks the permissions and other security features built into the more modern NTFS file system. Also, modern versions of Windows can no longer be installed to a drive formatted with FAT32; they must be installed to drives formatted with NTFS.
Compatibility: Works with all versions of Windows, Mac, Linux, game consoles, and practically anything with a USB port.
Limits: 4 GB maximum file size, 8 TB maximum partition size.
Ideal Use: Use it on removable drives where you need maximum compatibility with the widest range of devices, assuming you don’t have any files 4 GB or larger in size.
Does Windows Xp Support Exfat
Extended File Allocation Table (exFAT)
RELATED:What File System Should I Use for My USB Drive?
The exFAT file system was introduced in 2006 and was added to older versions of Windows with updates to Windows XP and Windows Vista. exFAT is optimized for flash drives—designed to be a lightweight file system like FAT32, but without the extra features and over head of NTFS and without the limitations of FAT32.
Like NTFS, exFAT has very large limits on file and partition sizes., allowing you to store files much larger than the 4 GB allowed by FAT32.
While exFAT doesn’t quite match FAT32’s compatibility, it is more widely-compatible than NTFS. While Mac OS X includes only read-only support for NTFS, Macs offer full read-write support for exFAT. exFAT drives can be accessed on Linux by installing the appropriate software. Devices can be a bit of a mixed bag. The PlayStation 4 supports exFAT; the PlayStation 3 does not. The Xbox One supports it, but the Xbox 360 does not.
Compatibility: Works with all versions of Windows and modern versions of Mac OS X, but requires additional software on Linux. More devices support exFAT than support NTFS, but some—particularly older ones—may only support FAT32.
Limits: No realistic file-size or partition-size limits.
Ideal Use: Use it when you need bigger file size and partition limits than FAT32 offers and when you need more compatibility than NTFS offers. Assuming that every device you want to use the drive with supports exFAT, you should format your device with exFAT instead of FAT32.
NTFS is ideal for internal drives, while exFAT is generally ideal for flash drives. However, you may sometimes need to format an external drive with FAT32 if exFAT isn’t supported on a device you need to use it with.
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Windows Xp Exfat Support Windows 10
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